Editing — Edit a layer from the web interface 

Principle 

It is possible to allow users to edit spatial and attribute data from the Lizmap Web Client interface for PostgreSQL layers. The Lizmap plugin allows you to add one or more layers and choose what actions for each will be possible in the web interface:

creating elements
modifying attributes
modifying the geometry
deleting elements

The Web form presented to the user to populate the attribute table supports editing tools available in the fields tab of the QGIS Vector layer properties. You can configure a dropdown, hide a column, make it non-editable, use a check box, a text area, etc. All configuration is done with the mouse, in QGIS and the Lizmap plugin.

In addition, Lizmap Web Client automatically detects the column type (integer, real, string, etc.) and adds the necessary checks and controls on the fields.

Examples 

A town wish that citizens identify visible problems on the road: uncollected trash, broken street lights, wrecks to remove. The QGIS project administrator creates a layer dedicated to collect data and displays them to all.
An engineering office wants to allow project partners to trace remarks on the project areas. It allows the addition of polygons in a dedicated layer.

Prerequisites 

To allow data editing in Lizmap Web Client, you must:

Have vector layer stored in PostgreSQL.
The vector layer mustn’t have space in field names.
Configure the editing tool for the layer in Layer Properties ‣ Attributs Form. This is not required but recommended to control the data entered by users. See Customize the edition form for more information about layout, widgets, expressions, constraints in a form.
The layer must be published as WFS (see WFS/OAPI) and the primary key must be published as well in the Layer properties.
Despite we want to edit the layer, there is no need to use Update, Insert and Delete checkboxes in the WFS table in the QGIS Server tab. Lizmap does not use WFS-T. Lizmap will make the edit directly on the datasource. The configuration is done only in the panel described below.
As a consequence as above :
- The credentials must not use the Authentification system provided by QGIS for a layer with edition capabilities. Credentials must be either in the QGS project file or in the PostgreSQL service file (recommended, more secure because credentials are not stored in the QGIS project) :
  - How to use service file on docs.qgis.org
  - How to use service file on postgresql.org

Muista

Be careful if your layer contains some Z or M values, unfortunately Lizmap will set them to ”0” which is the default value when saving to the database.

Configuring the tool 

Here are the detailed steps:

If necessary, create a layer in your database with the desired geometry type (point, line, polygon, etc.)
- think about adding a primary key: this is essential!
- the primary key column must be of type auto-increment. For example serial to PostgreSQL.
- think about adding a spatial index: this is important for performance
- create as many fields as you need for attributes: if possible, use simple field names!

Please refer to the QGIS documentation to see how to create a spatial layer in a PostgreSQL database.

../../_images/interface-add-edition-layer.jpg

To enable a layer with edition capabilities:
1. Click the button.
2. Select the layer in the drop-down list
3. Check the actions you want to activate from:
  
  Create
  
  Edit attributes
  
  Edit geometry
  
  Delete
4. Optional, you can add a list of groups which are allowed to edit, separated by a comma.
5. Snapping can be activated if you select at least one layer in the layer list.
  
  The layer must be published as WFS (see WFS/OAPI) and the primary key must be published as well in the Layer properties.
6. If one layer is selected above, at least one checkbox must be used :
  
  Vertices
  
  Segments
  
  Intersections
7. It’s possible to set the tolerance for the snapping.
To edit a layer in the table, select it and click the button or double click on the row.
To remove a layer from the table, select it and click the button.
To move a layer up or down, select it and click or buttons. The order will change in Lizmap too.
Fields will be displayed with their alias if it’s defined. See Add a alias on a field.

Configuring the form 

The form in Lizmap is inherited from the Layer Properties. Read the Customize the edition form.

Reusing data of edition layers 

The layers that you have selected for the editing tool are ”layers like the others”, which means:

QGIS styles and labels are applied to these layers. You can create styles and labels that depend on a value of a layer column.
If you want to propose the editing tool, but does not allow users to view data from the online layer (and therefore the additions of other users): you can simply hide edition layers by putting them in a hidden directory. See Masking individual layers
The layers are printable if they are not masked.
The data are stored in a layer of the project. The administrator can retrieve this data and use them thereafter.

Muista

Using the cache: whether to use the server or client cache for editing layers, do so by knowingly: the data will not be visible to users until the cache has not expired. We suggest not to enable the cache for editing layers.

Adding files and images for features 

Use the media/upload folder relative to the project 

It is possible to upload your files, including images, for each feature, during online editing; to achieve this, you need to:

Configure edition for the layer, with one or more fields with the edit type Photo or File. For example, let say the field name is photo.
Create a folder at the root of the QGIS project file : media/ and a subfolder media/upload (obviously you need to do that locally in your computer and server side).
Give to the webserver user (usually www-data) write permission on the upload folder, so that it can create files and folders in media/upload:

chmod 775 -R media/upload && chown :www-data -R media/upload
Check you php.ini to see if the variables post_max_size and upload_max_filesize are correctly set (by default, PHP only allows uploading files up to 2 Mbyte)

Lizmap will then create folders to store the data, depending on the layer name, field name, etc. For example, a file would be stored in the folder media/upload/PROJECT_NAME/LAYER_NAME/FIELD_NAME/FILE_NAME.EXT and an image in media/upload/environment/observations/species_picture/my_picture.png.

Obviously you will be able to display this image (or any other file) in the popup, as it will be stored in the media folder. See Use in popups

Use a specific destination folder 

You can override the default destination folder media/upload/PROJECT_NAME/LAYER_NAME/FIELD_NAME/FILE_NAME.EXT by manually setting the path where to store the media, relatively to the project. To do so, you must use the External resource field edit widget, and configure it with:

a Default path written relative to the project. For example ../media/images/ if you want to store this field files in a folder media situated alongside the project folder. You can also choose set a path inside the project media folder. For example media/my_target_folder/.
check the Relative path checkbox, with the default Relative to project path option
if the field should store a image, you should also check the Integrated document viewer checkbox, with the type Image

This allow to store the sent media files and images in a centralized folder, for example a directory media at the same level than the Lizmap repositories folders:

media
- images <– to store images in this folder, use ../media/images/
- pdf
environment
- trees.qgs
- trees.qgs.cfg
- media
  - tree_pictures/ <– to store images in this folder, use: media/tree_pictures/

Use a WebDAV remote storage 

It is possible to store your files in a remote server that supports the WebDAV protocol (e.g. Nextcloud). To achieve this you must:

Configure the Attachments edit widget for the chosen field as follow:
1. In the Storage type field, select the WebDAV Storage option
2. In the External Storage` section, on the Store URL field, add an expression which indicates the full URL of the remote path for the file. The expression string must:
- start with the remote storage URL of the root folder of the WebDAV server
- include or not any destination subfolder
- end with the file_name(@selected_file_path) expression
1. Update the Authentication section with your user name and password (optional, read below about authentication)
For example, if you want to upload a file in your WebDAV server https://webdav/dav in the subfolder pictures/2024/ then the full expression will be:

'https://webdav/dav/pictures/2024/'||file_name(@selected_file_path)

You can also upload a file directly in the root folder, simply change the expression above in 'https://webdav/dav/'||file_name(@selected_file_path)

Vihje

You can configure different fields on the same layer or in different layers to upload files to your remote storage under different subfolders.
Configure your Lizmap installation to recognize your WebDAV storage. To do so in your var/config/profiles.ini.php edit the [webdav:default] section:
```
[webdav:default]
baseUri=https://webdav/dav/
enabled=1
user=mywebdavuser
password=mywebdavpassword
```
where:
- baseUri is the root folder of your WebDAV server. It must end with / and it must be the same as indicated in the Attachment widget
- enabled set it to 1 switch on the WebDAV configuration, or to 0 to switch it off
- user, WebDAV baseUri authentication user, same as same as configured in the Authentication section of External storage
- password, WebDAV baseUri authentication password, same as above
Muista

user and password fields are not mandatory, depends on how you intend to manage the WebDAV storage.

Muista

Configure multiple WebDAV servers on the same Lizmap installation is not supported, so you can configure only one WebDAV endpoint per installation.

Varoitus

To get files from remote storage the baseUri will be exposed on the web client.

Varoitus

If an user upload two files with the same name the first file could be overwritten. This behaviour cannot be controlled by Lizmap since it concerns the configuration and the structure of the WebDAV server.

Vihje

To prevent files from being overwritten you can set the Store URL by placing a uuid in front of the file name, for example: 'https://webdav/dav/pictures/2024/'||uuid('WithoutBraces')||'_'||file_name(@selected_file_path)

After you had done the two configuration steps above you are able to:

upload a new file from the layer edition form

delete an existing file from the layer edition form

access the file via Attribute table (see Attribute table — Configure the attribute table and the vector selection)

access the file or get a preview of the file content via Popup (see Use in popups)

Varoitus

Unfortunately, this feature is not yet compatible with Lizmap Cloud.